經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享:sci論文寫作各個(gè)部分一些固定模式和套路
Abstract. 整體要求簡(jiǎn)練,言簡(jiǎn)意賅,因?yàn)榻^大部分journal對(duì)Abstract都有字?jǐn)?shù)限制,一般150~250 words. 先簡(jiǎn)單描述一下自己工作的前沿背景,幾句話,然后引出自己的實(shí)驗(yàn)(“In this paper….”; “Herein..” or “Here, we…”),主要陳述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,可稍帶提一下所用到的重要方法的名稱,然后說(shuō)明你的結(jié)果的意義“There data suggest….”;最后總結(jié)拔高“In a word….”or “in summary…..”.
Introduction. 描述跟你的實(shí)驗(yàn)相關(guān)的領(lǐng)域研究現(xiàn)狀及存在的問(wèn)題,自然的過(guò)度到你的實(shí)驗(yàn)意義和重要性!癆lthough…..there are still… so far”“Here, for the first time, we have used…..”。如果你前面已發(fā)過(guò)相關(guān)的文章,要插入引用一下 “We recently showed that…..”或“Our previous studies have shown that… . These results verify that…..”“Here…..”“ To explore this hypothesis, we generated….”. 寫好Introduction需要有大量的參考文獻(xiàn)做基礎(chǔ),摘取短語(yǔ)、詞組、句子進(jìn)行reorganize。調(diào)節(jié)好前后句子的順序及銜接。
Materials and Methods. 這部分可以從別的文章摘到現(xiàn)成的方法描述,加以改造,替換成自己的實(shí)驗(yàn)條件,變成自己的表達(dá)方式,近幾年journal對(duì)抄襲句子的現(xiàn)象抓的特別嚴(yán),多注意。太復(fù)雜的經(jīng)典方法,可以簡(jiǎn)單描述后加上參考文獻(xiàn)“Briefly, …..[ref]”;也可以直接引用參考文獻(xiàn)“The…method was performed as described previously [ref]”醫(yī).學(xué).全.在.線payment-defi.com.
Results. 這一部分很重要。要按照一定的邏輯順序進(jìn)行organize,結(jié)果描述要準(zhǔn)確、專業(yè),一些重要的數(shù)據(jù)可以放在結(jié)果部分的文字描述中,如IC50、EC50、抑制百分率、P值等等。這部分不能像Introduction那樣寫太多的理論性的東西。每段的開頭或一些連接的地方可以簡(jiǎn)單地用一些理論性的或總結(jié)性的句子。在陳述你的實(shí)驗(yàn)操作和看到的結(jié)果和表面現(xiàn)象時(shí)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),陳述不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移的規(guī)律、結(jié)論性的內(nèi)容時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一些常用的短語(yǔ)及句式有:
“In order to prove…., we used…”;“We have set up….”; “To demonstrate…., we further…”;“Consistently/Consistent with…”;“Compared with….”;“Thus, at current time, we have evidence that…”;“We next characterized…”;“We found that…”;“We have noticed that….”;“It’s known that….”;“So we introduced….in our study”;“In contrast…”;“These data suggest that….”;“So we next explored….”;“Notably,….”;“Importantly, ….”;“Furthermore….”;“Moreover….”;“We have previously shown that….”;“As shown in Fig. 1,…..”;“Fig. 1 shows….”;“Overall,….”;“Taken together, these results suggest….”;“These data are consistent with the notion that.....”;“Next, we examined the effect of….”;“We next set out to determine whether….”;“Lastly, we examined…..”;“In order to establish….”.